Testing the effect of magnesium oxid nanoparticles in combating the Penicillium digitatum, which causes green leaf disease in range fruits

Abstract

The study aimed to test the effect of the effectiveness of magnesium oxide nanoparticles in combating the fungus Penicillium. Digitatum, which causes green mold disease in orange fruits. The results of testing the pathogenicity of the fungus Penicillium.digitatum showed a high infection rate compared to the control treatment (not treated with the fungus). Antagonism tests proved that the addition of magnesium oxide nanoparticles at concentrations of 1%, 2%, 4%, and 6% achieved inhibition of the growth of the fungus Penicillium.digitatum on the PDA culture medium by 65.22%, 94.22%, 96.49%, and 100%. Respectively compared to the control treatment (pathogenic fungus alone), which amounted to 0.0%. Magnesium oxide particles were tested at a temperature of 25°C, and the results showed that all treatments led to the suppression of the activity of the Penicillium fungus. Digitatum in orange fruits and achieved a significant reduction in the percentage of disease incidence, reaching 0.0% compared to the control treatment without the fungus